DEVELOPMENT OF ASSERTIVENESS AS A COMPONENT OF POSITIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR FAMILY CONFLICTS

Abstract

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of assertiveness as an essential component of positive psychotherapy in the context of resolving family conflicts. The study substantiates the relevance of investigating the problem of constructive resolution of marital disagreements under contemporary social transformations, when increasing emotional tension and deficiency of effective communication skills lead to the deterioration of partnership relationships. Assertiveness is examined as an integrated personal quality that determines the ability to express one’s thoughts, feelings, and needs openly and respectfully while maintaining emotional balance and respect for one’s partner, which constitutes the foundation of an individual’s emotional and communicative competence. The article analyzes the conceptual foundations of N. Peseschkian’s positive psychotherapy, particularly three core principles: the principle of hope based on a positive image of human nature, the balance model of four life dimensions (body, achievement, contact, fantasy), and the five-stage approach to counseling and psychotherapy, integrated through a transcultural aspect. The study systematizes types of family conflicts (communicative, emotional, role-related, value-based, behavioral) and identifies assertive strategies for their constructive resolution through the use of “I-statements”, development of empathy, and self-regulation. The mechanisms of conflict processing are revealed through the lens of positive psychotherapy, where assertiveness serves as an effective means of self-regulation, prevention of conflict escalation, and avoidance of maladaptive “escape” reactions. Therapeutic tools for developing assertiveness are described in detail: assertive behavior training, role-playing and psychodramatic exercises, positive reinterpretation techniques according to N. Peseschkian, and exercises for awareness and maintenance of personal boundaries. The study demonstrates that the development of assertiveness facilitates the formation of trust and mutual respect, enhances partners’ psychological maturity, harmonizes family life, and transforms destructive forms of interaction into constructive ones.