DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH TO PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF THE POPULATION UNDER CONDITIONS OF FULLSCALE WAR

Abstract

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the problem of psychological support for various categories of the population under conditions of full-scale war. It substantiates that wartime experience is heterogeneous in both its content and psychological consequences; therefore, effective assistance cannot be universal. It is shown that chronic danger, experiences of loss, forced displacement, disruption of social ties, prolonged stress, and uncertainty significantly transform an individual’s mental state and intensify the need to preserve and restore hardiness and resilience. It is determined that a differentiated approach to psychological support involves adapting its content, forms, and methods to the specifics of traumatic experience, socio-psychological status, and the resources of particular population groups. The article reveals the specific features of psychological support for military personnel and veterans, internally displaced persons, civilians living in frontline regions, as well as family members of military personnel and affected individuals. It is found that each of these groups faces specific difficulties that require appropriate forms of assistance, including trauma-focused therapy, hardiness-building programs, counseling, adaptation programs, psychological first aid, selfregulation techniques, family therapy, and support groups. It is proved that a differentiated approach contributes not only to reducing the intensity of stress and traumatic reactions, but also to restoring internal control, strengthening resilience, enhancing social integration, and creating conditions for post-traumatic growth. The article emphasizes the need to develop comprehensive multi-level psychological support programs capable of taking into account the dynamics of wartime and post-war conditions.