THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION

Abstract

Modern socio-economic conditions, rapid technological development, globalization processes and labor market dynamics determine the relevance of research on professional self-determination of an individual. The article is devoted to the analysis of the theoretical and methodological foundations of professional self-determination as a multifaceted process that encompasses psychological, social, economic and pedagogical aspects. The aim of the work was to analyze modern approaches to the study of professional self-determination, to determine its key theoretical foundations. To achieve the set goal, the following methods of cognition were used: synthesis, analysis, comparison, classification and systematization of existing scientific achievements. The work examines the historical development of the concept of professional self-determination, starting from the cultural and philosophical views of ancient civilizations to modern interdisciplinary approaches. The contribution of prominent scientists, in particular Pierre Bourdieu, John Holland and Donald Super, to the study of the mechanisms of choosing a profession, the role of cultural capital, personal qualities and social factors is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to sociological and psychological factors that influence the professional development of an individual, including the influence of family, education, community and the labor market. It is emphasized that professional self-determination is a multifaceted process that depends on the interaction of internal and external factors. The article also considers current trends, in particular the impact of digitalization and globalization, on the formation of professional orientations. The results of the study allow us to better understand the essence of professional self-determination and its methodological principles, which is important for the development of practical recommendations in the field of professional orientation, education and career counseling.