THE ORIENTATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS TOWARDS THE FORMATION OF INTER-ETHNIC TOLERANCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF FORCED MIGRATION

Abstract

The article provides theoretical analysis and empirical confirmation of the significance of the problem of developing interethnic tolerance in children with special educational needs. It is stated that the process of forced migration is accompanied by numerous stress factors, including the loss of the usual social environment, language barriers, cultural differences, and economic instability. Children with special educational needs, including those with cognitive, sensory, or emotional disabilities, experience a double burden during forced migration. This process requires special attention from educators, psychologists, and other professionals, as the level of social interaction of such children is often limited due to their specific needs. Psychological support should be based on an individualized approach that takes into account the emotional, cognitive, and social characteristics of children. The main areas of this support include: developing emotional resilience and self-regulation, forming a positive attitude towards cultural diversity, promoting social integration through play and educational activities, and supporting parents in the process of adapting the child to new conditions. Particular attention should be paid to creating a safe and supportive environment for children, which will help them feel comfortable in their new circumstances. Educators and psychologists should actively interact with local communities, creating a support network for migrating families, as well as stimulating the development of social skills and interaction with other children in the new environment. In such conditions, there is an urgent need to create and implement specialized psychological support programs that would contribute to strengthening emotional stability, social adaptation and the formation of interethnic tolerance. The developed psychological support program makes it possible to conduct corrective and developmental work with children with special educational needs and their parents, aimed at improving interethnic interaction skills.