THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN CHILDREN IN OUTPATIENT CARE

Abstract

The article explores the psychological characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children who have been affected by traumatic events during the war in Ukraine through an empirical study. The analysis takes into account methods for diagnosing and correcting this disorder. The impact of military conflicts on the mental health of children has been experimentally investigated, in particular, it was found that the majority of children who have witnessed violence, bombings, or the loss of loved ones demonstrate clinical manifestations of PTSD. Bombings, the loss of loved ones, and physical violence are just some of the traumatic experiences that military conflicts can bring about, which can lead to symptoms of PTSD. The need for early detection and timely intervention to support their mental health is underscored by the presence of more pronounced symptoms in children who have experienced multiple traumas. According to research, intrusions, affective arousal, and impaired cognitive functioning are the most frequent symptoms. The results of the study confirm that PTSD develops in 20–30 % of children who have experienced traumatic events. Children are most likely to experience intrusions and impaired cognitive functioning as symptoms of PTSD.Intrusions manifest as recurring memories, nightmares, and flashbacks, which cause intense fear and anxiety. Impaired cognitive functioning can manifest as difficulties with concentration and memory, which negatively affects learning and social interactions. The impact of trauma on children’s self-esteem can result in depressive symptoms. It has been noted that these symptoms can be long-lasting and affect all areas of the child’s life, including relationships with family and peers. An emphasis is placed on the importance of timely psychological assistance when developing a program of corrective measures to support children who have experienced trauma. The role of outpatient supervision in the identification and treatment of PTSD, which includes active parental involvement and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment, is identified.