THE ROLE OF DIFFERENTIAL PSYCHOLOGY IN THE STUDY OF INTERETHNIC CONFLICTS: HISTORICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND CURRENT POSSIBILITIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL COUNSELING, PSYCHOCORRECTION, PSYCHOTHERAPY, PSYCHOPROPHYLAXIS, AND SOCIALPSYCHOLOGICAL TRAINING

Abstract

The article examines the role of differential psychology in the study of interethnic conflicts, which is a pressing issue in modern society. The authors conduct a historical and psychological analysis of theoretical concepts that define the relationship between individual personality traits and a tendency toward conflict behavior in interethnic interactions. Particular attention is paid to modern methods of psychological influence, including psychological counseling, psychocorrection, psychotherapy, psychoprophylaxis, and socio-psychological training. The work substantiates the need for a comprehensive approach to resolving interethnic conflicts, taking into account the differential characteristics of personality and the specifics of group interaction. An analysis of contemporary research shows that integrating historical and psychological knowledge with practical methods of psychological influence can increase the effectiveness of psychologists’ work in educational institutions and professional teams. The importance of interdisciplinary links between the educational components “History of Psychology”, “Ethnopsychology”, “Differential Psychology”, “Psychology of Conflict”, “Psychological Counseling”, “Fundamentals of Psychocorrection”, “Psychotherapy”, “Psychoprophylaxis” and “Fundamentals of Psychological Training” for the formation of competencies of future specialists. The results of the study confirm that differential psychology is a key tool in predicting the behavior of conflict participants and selecting optimal methods of psychological intervention. The need for an interdisciplinary approach to the study of interethnic conflicts is emphasized, combining historical and psychological research, the achievements of differential psychology, and practical tools for counseling, psychocorrection, psychotherapy, psychoprophylaxis, and training. Such an approach not only deepens the understanding of the psychological mechanisms of conflict behavior, but also contributes to the development of comprehensive educational and professional training programs for future psychologists capable of comprehensively solving interethnic problems.